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Dhalgren  by Samuel R. Delany


Dhalgren is not light reading or short (it's 800+ pages).  It has on various occasions been compared with the works of James Joyce.  An Amazon.com description says it "may be read with equal validity as SF, magic realism, or metafiction."  (Certainly, it would be difficult to find plausible scientific explanations for some of the phenomena in the book.)  Author William Gibson said it was a "riddle that was never meant to be solved."

Bizarre conditions are taking place in an American city after some disaster of an unclear nature.  Many residents have left the city, leaving it to those who are out of the ordinary in one way or the other.  It no longer operates in a "normal" or commercial manner.

The main character is a mixed-race youth (or seeming youth) who can't remember who he is.  He is referred to as Kid.  After he enters the city, he is given a notebook in which every other page has already been written in.  Later he adds his own writing to the blank pages.  The notebook plays a role in the rest of the book in a few ways.  Kid writes poetry in the notebook and later in the story some of these are published.  Kid's writing sometimes weaves into the story and sometimes the material that was already in the notebook weaves into the story.  Sometimes what is Kid's writing and what had been in the notebook blur together - and blur with the story.

Kid makes his way through a series of social groups, including a family behaving as if all was the way it used to be, and a gang.  He has a woman lover, Lanya, through much of the book, and during part of the book Kid and Lanya are joined by a teenage boy into a triad.  (Kid has various other sexual encounters.  Sex of every preference and combination is common in the book.)

I won't say that much about the plot - partly because it does not have as well defined a plot that depends on an objective moving events ahead through obstacles to a resolution.  People do things, events transpire.  And even if there is some murkiness about it at times, there is at least some cause and effect.  But on the global scale of the entire novel it doesn't seem to emphasize book-level causes to bring about book-level effects.

There is a certain circularity in the logic of the book.  Some readers will find that problematic, others will find it clever or artistic.  The end of the book seems to lead back to the beginning of the book.  Writings of Dhalgren’s characters refer to the novel.  There seem to be references in the book to the author.  There is extensive description of the writing process - presented as what Kid is doing, but perhaps meaning more than that.  In the last chapter, much of the text of Dhalgren consists of items written by Kid or material in the notebook given to him - and some of these repeat text found in earlier chapters of Dhalgren.  There are also parts which resemble earlier sections of the book, but with certain changes.  There are also paradoxes in what is apparently written by Kid in the notebook before he was given the notebook (or similar time travel-like scramblings).

Forgive me if this isn't quite the correct term, but aspects such as these give the book what might be called a surrealistic form.  This will not agree with some readers more inclined to "science fiction" as distinct from "speculative fiction".  Readers who are more comfortable with bending or ignoring the rules of the real world, or who appreciate imaginary settings that aren't necessarily of a futuristic or scientific nature may find Dhalgren more satisfying.

It seems the story is better at conveying a mood and a framework whose details we should take as something more like a metaphor than literally as the one particular form of the detail.  As a "riddle that was never meant to be solved," there's nothing to be taken literally word-for-word.  It has to be reacted to on a more abstract level.


Personal taste can be an odd thing.  I like mystery stories (especially SF mysteries or Sherlock Holmes).  I can also enjoy stories which are not in a "mystery" genre, but have a mysterious element that needs to be explained.  I worked for nearly 30 years as a computer programmer - making sense out of complicated computer code.  However, for some reason, my tastes don't include that much of poetry or prose in which the reader has to decrypt the cipher of what the author has hidden in a literary labyrinth.  At least some readers see Dhalgren as a literary work that is special because of what can be mined out of it with the right tools, time and effort.  If so, that part will be lost on me.